AI in Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and Astronomy: The Rise of AI for Scientific Discovery. Introduction. Modern science faces a problem that previous generations of researchers rarely encountered at the same scale: there is simply too much information. Genomic databases contain enormous numbers of DNA sequences. Chemistry produces vast libraries of molecules and reactions. Physics experiments generate complex datasets from particle detectors, simulations, and instruments. Astronomy continuously produces observations containing billions of stars, galaxies, and other celestial objects. Human researchers cannot manually examine all of these possibilities. This is where artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly important. AI can process enormous datasets, identify patterns, estimate relationships, generate hypotheses, predict molecular or physical properties, and help researchers decide which experiments deserve further investigation. The transformation is already measurable. ...
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